When India started liberalizing in 1991, many expected it to follow the path of export-oriented low-wage manufacture charted by other Asian countries.
This proved impossible since Indian politicians would not liberalize labour laws, which made labour artificially expensive. But, to everybody’s surprise , India leapfrogged this area and achieved huge success in high-tech areas, ranging from computer software to R&D .
How so? There were many reasons . But one that escaped attention earlier was highlighted by Vivek Wadhwa in 2008 in the Harvard Business Review. In an article titled “A disciple becomes a guru,” he showed how Indian companies had innovated skill training to the point where they now had much to teach the US.
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